Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 23:27
1. Write command to display following text in a shell prompt. Explain your command.
Hi $2, I’m number * (guess)! 20 Marks
The text to be displayed contains special characters, which are generally used in a shell to
perform specific functions. In this case it is required that shell interpret them as characters and
thus it is required that these characters be “escaped”, i.e., preventing shell to try executing
them. Special characters can be escaped by two ways:
i) By placing \ before the special character. In this case we can give the following
command to generate the desired output:
echoHi\$2,I\’m number\*\(gues\)\!
ii) By placing the statement within single quotes, since single quotes can escape any
enclosed character. However, single quotes can not escape itself. Since one single...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 23:14
Lab13: Bash Scripting
Lab Tasks:
1. Write a bash script to find out the biggest number from given three numbers. The numbers are supplied as command line argument to the script. Print an error message if sufficient arguments are not supplied.
#!/bin/bashif(($#!=3));then echo ERROR: Please specify exactly three number as argument; exit 1;else{ if [ $1 -gt $2 ]; then if [ $2 -gt $3 ]; then echo $1 is biggest; elif [ $1 -gt $3 ]; then echo $1 is biggest; else echo $3 is biggest; fi else if [ $2 -gt $3 ]; then echo $2 is biggest; else echo $3 is biggest; fi fi}fi
2. Write a bash script to find out the volume of a pizza....
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 23:02
Lab12: Software Installation
Lab Tasks:
1. Runlevels
· Make Runlevel 3 your default Runlevel
If you have an /etc/inittab file, edit it. Locate the following line:
id:2:initdefault:
Change the number after the first colon to the runlevel you want to be the default.
However, most people won't have that file, in which case you should edit /etc/init/rc-sysinit.conf instead and change the following line:
env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2
· Initiate the single user Runlevel from GRUB console and try to change the root password
Choose the "(recovery mode)" option from GRUB; add "-s", "S" or "single" to the kernel command-line; or from a running machine, run "telinit 1" or "shutdown now".
2. Software Installation
· Install XPenguins 2.2 on your Linux System...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 22:59
· Create a file test_at in your ~
o Touch test_at;
· Schedule a job that will mv this file to the /tmp directory five minutes from now and append the current date and time in it
o At now+5minutes
o At> Cat date≫~/test_at;
o At> Mv ~/test_at /tmp
o At> CTRL+D
· Create a compressed backup of your home directory on a local /backup directory, which will run at 10 am
o at 10:00am
o at> tar -Cvzf ~/baCkup/home.tar /home/nasir/
· Schedule a job as a normal user that will append the output of the uptime command to a uptime.log file in your home directory every 2 minutes on weekdays but only in the month of July
o */2 * * 6 Mon-Fri uptime >> $HOME/uptime.log
· Schedule a job as a normal user that will run...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 22:54
Lab10: Process Management
Lab Tasks:
Processes and Services:
· Start a background process, bring that process to foreground and kill that process using PID
xeyes &; // run xeyes in backgroud
fg 1; //make it in foreground
kill %1; // kill process with job id 1 i.e. xeyes
· List all the current running process owned by the current user in user oriented format
ps u U $USER // u option display in user oriented form, U selects the user and $USER is username
· List all the processes only which are in sleep mode and tell the command used for that process
ps u r -N // ‘u r’ find all running process and -N negated the result
· List only the running processes in tree mode
ps f u r // ‘f’ displays in tree mode and ‘u r’ in running process...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 01:49
Monitoring a Linux System· Search the boot log to see all the section where the network interface has been mentioneddmesg | grep eth0 dmesg | grep network | grep interface· Find out what is the cache size of your PC’s processorvmstat (or hwinfo) · Find out the IRQ number associated with the interrupts generated by your Ethernet carddmesg | grep irq· Find out the PCI Bus IDs of the USB Controllers on your PClspci· Start the ssh service on your PC and establish a local connection...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 01:47
1. Create the volume group and logical volumes· Create a primary partition of 100 MB using fdisk and choose its mount point as /boot· Create 3 logical partitions of sizes 2, 4 and 6 GB and for the File system ID select Linux LVM (Do not format or create a file system on these partitions)· Commit these changes and reboot (or use partprobe)· Select LVM in the YaST Expert Partitioner· Create a VG named systemVG o Physical Extent Size: The physical extent size defines the smallest unit of a logical volume group· Add...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 01:24
Read N...
Posted by Muhammad Nasir on 10:16
